Dec
02
I hate this more than I can say.
JJ loves star wars so much Khan will be Kirk’s father
Source
http://www.latinoreview.com/news/exclusive-we-know-who-benicio-del-toro-is-playin-in-star-trek-2-15528
I hate this more than I can say.
JJ loves star wars so much Khan will be Kirk’s father
Source
http://www.latinoreview.com/news/exclusive-we-know-who-benicio-del-toro-is-playin-in-star-trek-2-15528
The CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) project at CERN is using the proton synchrotron at the LHC to investigate the controversial link between cosmic rays and cloud formation. This week Nature contains a paper on the first round of findings.
Cosmic rays are charged subatomic particles (mostly protons) that originate outside our solar system. The strength of our sun’s solar wind, which is tied to solar activity, controls how many of those particles penetrate Earth’s atmosphere. When solar activity is high, fewer cosmic rays make it in because they are deflected by the solar wind. Several researchers have claimed that changes in cosmic ray flux have a great effect on cloud formation, and thus have a large effect on global temperature, but little is understood about the details of the process.
The initial findings of the CLOUD experiment don’t contain anything earth-shattering, and don’t really address the possible effects on climate. Nevertheless, the experiment is showing some very interesting results.
The difference between invisible water vapor and a cloud comes down to the presence of water droplets. In order to form droplets, you’ve got to saturate the air with water, but you also need nuclei to facilitate condensation. It’s thought that about half of these tiny nuclei are particles that are blown up into the atmosphere, including ocean salt, dust, and soot. The other half are made by combining molecules of other vapors into larger “clumps”—a process called nucleation. The most important vapor in that process is sulfuric acid, which is made when sulfur compounds (released by volcanoes and human pollution) combine with H2O.
The CLOUD results confirm the importance of sulfuric acid nucleation, and they also confirm that the addition of ammonia molecules greatly boosts the process, as expected. The experimental setup did allow for unprecedented detail into the dynamics of how that process works, though.
Firing subatomic particles into the mix also increased the nucleation rate, which, again, was expected. The high-energy subatomic particles ionize the sulfur molecules, causing them to bond together. Other ionization methods had been used in the past with similar results. The researchers found that this ionization-induced nucleation was dependent on temperature, meaning that the process behaves differently in the upper troposphere than it does near the surface of the Earth.
The really interesting stuff comes in when the researchers note that the experimental nucleation rates are 10 to 1,000 times slower than rates observed in the atmosphere. This is where CLOUD’s unprecedented resolution comes into play. The cloud chamber was designed very carefully to prevent contamination, yet every nucleation included nitrogen-containing organic molecules that had not been intentionally added. These compounds must have been present in incredibly low concentrations, yet they ended up in the middle of every nucleation event, which implies that they are critical to the process.
The researchers suspect that these volatile organic compounds (or VOCs) are the missing ingredients that explain the higher nucleation rates in the atmosphere. The next step in the project will certainly involve investigation of that angle.
Despite what the results reveal about the nucleation process, they can’t be directly linked to cloud formation. The particles created in the cloud chamber are still much too small to form proper condensation nuclei that can seed clouds. In addition, there are a lot of unknowns about how nucleation induced by cosmic rays would interact with all the other factors governing cloud formation.
Early results show that the CLOUD experiment will continue to provide valuable insights into the formation of cloud droplets, but there’s a lot of work to be done before arguments about the effect of cosmic rays on climate can be settled.
Source:
http://arstechnica.comAnother Human Foot Washes Up in British Columbia
VANCOUVER – A human foot in a sneaker has washed up in Vancouver — the eighth such grisly find in British Columbia in the last four years.
Vancouver police said that a person reported seeing “the remains of what appears to be a human foot and leg bones in a running shoe” shortly before 5:00pm local time Tuesday.
“[It was] quite disturbing — quite a discovery to make,” Vancouver Police Constable Jana McGuinness told reporters, according to CTV News.
A police statement said that the shoe was found floating in the water next to the Plaza of Nations marina in the False Creek area, which was cordoned off to allow the British Columbia Coroners Service to begin their investigation.
The discovery marks the eighth human foot to wash up in British Columbia since August 2007 and is the 12th to appear in the coastal region from British Columbia to northwestern Washington in that time.
In March a woman walking near Powell River, British Columbia, found a running shoe containing remains.
One washed up foot has been linked by DNA to a suspected suicide, while two found in Richmond, British Columbia, have been confirmed as belonging to the same woman.
Police said they do not suspect foul play and believe that the feet detached naturally in the water.
Source:
http://www.reuters.com
Source:
http://furiousfanboys.com/2011/08/pulp-fiction-meets-star-wars/
Nothing you will ever do will be good enough, and if it is then you probably did it wrong.
Peace out MajorXero!

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